STARSET_MirrorTSS DEBUTS IN CHINESE:There is a temperature anomaly in Antarctica
作者:Poisonerver
By:Poisonerver
声明:此文章并非TSS官网原有文章，为STARSET_Mirror成员整理创作，希望各位不要误解。
Disclaimer: this article is not originally published on TSS official website. It is intended for STARSET_Mirror members.
2020年，南极地区迎来了史上最热1月，仅仅过了一年，南极洲就迎来了65年以来最冷的寒冬，全球变暖是否对极地产生了影响？
With the warmest January on record in Antarctica in 2020, just one year after the continent's coldest winter in 65 years, is global warming having an impact on the polar region?
在过去的4-9月当中，南极洲高原上的一个记录站根据相关的气温测算，发现整个南极4-9月的平均气温达到了零下61摄氏度。人们是从1957年开始记录南极的温度的，今年的记录可以说是有记录以来温度最低的时候，比最近30年的平均气温还低了2.5摄氏度。
The average temperature for the past April-September was minus 61 degrees Celsius, according to a record station on the Antarctic Plateau. Records have been kept since 1957, and this year's record is arguably the lowest on record, 2.5 degrees Celsius cooler than the average for the last 30 years.
在过去的65年当中，最低温度的保持者是1976年的冬天，当时的平均气温是零下60.6摄氏度。那么今年的南极为什么温度会这么反常呢？这是否说明气候变暖实际上是一个不足为信的谎言呢？南极今年冬天的反常温度要如何解释呢？
The record for the lowest temperature in the past 65 years was recorded in the winter of 1976, when the average temperature was -60.6 degrees Celsius. So why the unusual temperatures at the South Pole this year? Does this mean that climate change is, in fact, a discredited lie? What explains the unusual temperatures in Antarctica this winter?
这次南极气候系统的异常就出现在平流层。当南极的冬季来临的时候，下沉的空气会在南极洲高原的山地上受到阻碍，然后停止环流，就地进行旋转，然后不断吸入冷空气从而形成了一股势力非常强大的围绕在极地周围的西向环流，它是南极地区大气环流中的组成部分。
This anomaly in the Antarctic climate system is in the stratosphere. When the Antarctic winter sets in, the sinking air gets trapped in the mountains of the Antarctic plateau, stops circulating, spins in place, and draws in cold air, creating a very powerful westward circulation around the poles that is part of the Antarctic atmospheric circulation.
科学家观测的数据表明，今年极地平流层的风比往年来得更强，这很有可能是因为有急流转向极地导致的。不仅如此，过于强烈的极地漩涡会导致平流层中有大量的臭氧消耗，这又进一步增强了极地漩涡的强度。
Winds in the polar stratosphere have been stronger than usual this year, possibly because of a jet stream that has shifted poleward, scientists have observed. Not only that, too strong a polar vortex can cause a lot of ozone depletion in the stratosphere, which further intensifies the vortex.
臭氧是用来保护地面防止受到紫外线伤害的气体，极地漩涡大量消耗臭氧会扩大南极洲上空的臭氧空洞。
Depleting ozone, a gas used to protect the ground from ultraviolet rays, the polar vortex could widen the ozone hole over Antarctica.
按常理来说，南极的温度越低，则意味着整个南极区域的海冰数量越多。在气候变暖的大环境下，这似乎是一件好事，但是它能持久吗？
Normally, colder Temperatures in Antarctica mean more sea ice in the entire region. That may seem like a good thing in a warming climate, but will it last?
虽然南极度过了一个极为寒冷的冬天，但是在未来的几周当中，南极还是不可避免地会有冰层迅速融化。在9月底的时候，南极的海冰也已经薄到了一年中那个时候可见的最低水平。
Despite an extremely cold winter in Antarctica, rapid ice melt is inevitable in the coming weeks. By the end of September, Antarctic sea ice was already at its lowest level visible for that time of year.
地球的两极地区对气候的反应是相当敏锐的，因此变化也是相当快速的，寒冷的冬天不能降低气候变化的严重性，甚至对于气候变暖也带来不了任何的帮助。
The earth's polar regions are sensitive to climate change, and so change rapidly. Cold winters do not reduce the severity of climate change, or even contribute to global warming.
南极的一个寒冬，似乎让人们在全球变暖的背景下找到了一根能抓住的稻草，但实际上这仍然是于事无补。虽然南极经历了一个寒冷的冬天，但是这并无法改变全球气候变暖的大趋势，从更长远的角度来看，南极和地球上其他的地方一样，正在经历着极剧的气候变暖，海冰也正在以前所未有的速度消失着。
A cold Antarctic winter may seem like a straw to grab at in the face of global warming, but it still doesn't help. A cold winter in Antarctica does not change the global warming trend. In the longer term, Antarctica, like the rest of the planet, is experiencing extreme warming and sea ice is disappearing at an unprecedented rate.
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